In most cases, the cause of vanishing twin syndrome is unknown. Estimates indicate that vanishing twin syndrome occurs in 21-30% of multifetal pregnancies. Vanishing twin syndrome has been diagnosed more frequently since the use of ultrasonography in early pregnancy. Additionally, some women may have symptoms that would indicate a miscarriage, although an ultrasound reveals a single baby in the uterus. When the woman returns for her next visit, only one heartbeat can be heard with a Doppler.Ī second ultrasound is conducted, and only one fetus is observed. The doctor identifies two fetuses, and the woman is told she is having twins. A follow-up ultrasound may reveal the “disappearance” of a twin.įor example, a woman may have an ultrasound at 6 or 7 weeks gestation. Today, with the availability of early ultrasounds, the presence of twins or multiple fetuses can be detected during the first trimester. This gives the appearance of a “vanishing twin.” How is Vanishing Twin Syndrome identified?īefore the use of ultrasound, the diagnosis of the death of a twin or multiple was made through an examination of the placenta after delivery. The fetal tissue is absorbed by the other twin, multiple, placenta or the mother. This occurs when a twin or multiple disappears in the uterus during pregnancy as a result of a miscarriage of one twin or multiple. Vanishing twin syndrome was first recognized in 1945.
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